吴善柳在清华成绩好吗,吴善柳第一次高考成绩怎样?

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安徽高中有几本数学书?

安徽高中有10本数学书。《集合与函数》《三角函数》《不等式》《数列》《复数》《排列、组合、二项式定理》《立体几何》《平面解析几何》、必修一到五、选修一到四。

安徽数学高考知识点复数

2019安徽教师招聘考试英语语法知识点汇总一

一、 名词的数

在熟悉可数名词单数变复数规则的基础上,突出以下几点:

1. 以s结尾,仍为单数的名词(多为学科名词), 如:

physics, linguistics, mathematics, politics, statistics, news , the United States

2. 抽象名词表示具体或特定的事例时也可作可数名词,单数前面应有不定冠词。如:

(1) pleasure, surprise, help, success, failure, danger, difficulty, wonder等意为“...的人 / 物”。

如:The meeting is a success.

(2) worry, honor, disaster, rain, snow, fog, wind, gas, fire, crop, coffee, tea, food等不可数名词,指“一种”、“一场”及“多种”、“多场”时,可以有其单、复数形式。如:There have been strong winds over the last two months.

(3) a need, a discovery, a love, a good time, a collection of, a knowledge of, a history of, a population of, an area of, an understanding of等已形成固定形式。如:He has a good practical knowledge of computer science.

3. 表示一类事物的总称的名词,不能加-s ,如:

machinery, furniture, equipment, technology, luggage, baggage, homework, evidence

4. 一些名词单数和复数形式表达不同的意思,如:

chicken鸡肉 / chickens小鸡; fish鱼肉 / fishes( fish )各种鱼; paper纸 / papers试卷; water水 / waters水域,room空间/ rooms房间

5. 只有复数形式的名词,如:

glasses (眼镜),trousers, clothes,scissors等,注意加单位名词的用法:a pair of glasses; two pairs of trousers

6. 一些名词形式上虽是单数,但表示的是复数含义,如:

people , police, cattle, staff, public, the +adj., the + 分词;(表示一类人)

7. 以复数形式出现,表达复数含义,如:

belongings, surroundings, earnings, savings, shoes, socks, goods, thanks, congratulations, funds, pains, arms, troops

8. 集合名词看成一个整体时,谓语用单数,若侧重各个成员,则用复数,如:

audience,class,couple,crowd,family,group,government,public

l The average family is a great deal smaller than it used to be.

l My family are going with me. (师出教育,专注安徽教师考编)

9. 单复数同形的名词,如:

fish, deer, sheep, youth, Chinese, Japanese, means, species, crossroads, series, works, li(里), yuan(元), mu(亩)等

l How many deer are there in Dafeng now?

10. 合成名词构成复数时,通常只将里面所含的主体名词变为复数,如果没有主体名词,则将最后一个部分变为复数,如:

sons-in-law, passers-by, story-tellers, breakfasts, housewives

11. 不规则名词的“数”,如:

woman -women, child-children, ox -oxen, tooth -teeth, goose -geese,

foot -feet, mouse -mice, phenomenon-phenomena, analysis-analyses,

12 .专有名词的“数”,如: (师出教育,专注安徽教师考编)

史密斯一家人 the Smiths 两个玛丽 two Marys

13. 非名词类词汇的“数”,如:

缩写,数字,字母的复数常用加’s的方法来构成

three a’s; two but’s; in one’s twenties; in the 1980’s(1980s)

l Nothing is in good order but at sixes and sevens. 乱七八糟

l You mightn’t as well use so many and’s in your conversation.

14. 注意以下名词为不可数名词:

advice, baggage, change(零钱), equipment, furniture, fun ,hair, homework, information, luggage, money, news, progress, traffic.

二、 名词所有格

英语中有些名词可以加"'s"来表示所有关系,带这种词尾的名词形式称为该名词的所有格,

1. 单数名词词尾加"'s",复数名词词尾没有s,也要加"'s",如:

the boy's bag 男孩的书包,men's room 男厕所。

2. 若名词已有复数词尾-s ,只加" ' ",如:the workers' struggle 工人的斗争。

3. 复合名词和短语的所有格在最后的词后面加's, 如:

her brother-in-law's bike, someone else's keys a day or two's rest

4. 如果两个名词并列,并且分别有's,则表示"分别有";只有一个's,则表示'共有'。

John's and Mary's rooms(两间) John and Mary's room(一间)

5. 在表示店铺或教堂,诊所的名字或某人的家时,名词所有格的后面常省略它所修饰的名词,如:在诊所at the doctor’s 在我姐家at my sister's

6. 双重所有格,of +名词's 结构表示全体中的一部分,如:a friend of my father's ,

works of Lu Xun's

注意:当of 之前的名词是picture, portrait等词时含义不同

l This is a picture of my friend's. 这是我朋友收藏的一幅画

l This is a picture of my friend. 这是我朋友的一张照片

三. 名词作定语

1. 一般用单数形式,如:

a stone bridge, a meeting room, morning exercises, a shoe shop

2. 个别名词用复数作定语,sports, sales, clothes, goods, arts, customs等,如:

sports meeting 运动会 students reading-room 学生阅览室 a goods train 货车

 talks table 谈判桌 the foreign languages department 外语系customs house海关

3. man, woman, gentleman等作定语时,其单复数以所修饰的名词的单复数而定。如:

 a woman teacher, men workers, women teachers, gentlemen officials

4. 数词+名词作定语时,这个名词一般保留单数形式。如:

two-dozen eggs 两打鸡蛋  a ten-mile walk 十英里路

two-hundred trees 两百棵树 a five-year plan. 一个五年计划

一、不定冠词(a/an)

1. 泛指某一类人或事物,相当于any。

A square has four sides.

2. 用于某些物质名词前。

a coffee 一杯咖啡; a tea 一杯茶;a heavy rain 一场大雨; a strong wind 一种强烈的信念

3. 用于专有名词前表示某一个。

a Mr. Green ; 一位格林先生a Mary; a Shakespeare of China 中国的莎士比亚

4. 用于某些固定结构中。

once upon a time , have a rest , take a bath , in a hurry ,

all of a sudden , as a matter of fact , It’s a pity that… .

5. 用于双重修饰结构中:so / as / that / too / how + adj. + a / an + n. 。

He is so good a teacher that all of us like him.

6. 冠词放在quite, many, such, what等词之后。

It is such an unusual work of art that everyone wants to have a look at it.

7. 用在事物的“单位”前,如价格、速度、比率的名词前,表示“每一”。

Take this medicine three times a day.

8. 用于同源宾语中:

die a … death ; dream a … dream ; fight a …fight ; sleep a … sleep; live/lead a … life;

smile a …smile

二、定冠词(the)

1. 特指某人或物,用于区别同类中的其他人或事物。如:

Is this the book you are looking for?

2. 特指世界上独一无二的事物或自然现象。但space表示“太空”,nature表示“大自然”,均不能与冠词连用;但具体的天体前通常加定冠词。如:

the stars,the moon,the sun,the universe等。(师出教育,专注安徽教师考编)

3. 双方都知道或者在文中第二次提及的人或事物。

We are living a happy life. The life we are living is happy.

4. 用于表示方位的名词前。

the east, the left, the south

5. 用于序数词或形容词的最高级之前,以及对两人或事物进行对比时起特定作用的比较级前。

the tallestboy

He is the taller of the two brothers.

6. in + the + 数词复数式。如:in the early 1920s

7. the + 比较级 + …, the + 比较级 + …:; 越…; 就越… 。如:

The harder you study English, the more progress you will make.

8. the +姓氏复数:如the Greens, 格林一家

9. the + adj.; the + 分词。如:the rich 富人; the living 生者; the sick 病人;

the unemployed 失业者; the ugly 丑的东西

10.by the + 单位名词。如by the hour,按小时计

11.v. + sb. + prep. + the +人体各部位。如:(师出教育,专注安徽教师考编)

A stone hit John on the head.

12.play + the + 乐器名称。如:play the piano.弹钢琴.

13.用在惯用语中。例如:

in the day, in the morning (afternoon,evening), the day after tomorrow 

the day before yesterday, the next morning, in the sky (water,field,country) 

in the dark, in the rain, in the distance,  in the middle (of), in the end,

on the whole, by the way, go to the theatre

三、零冠词:

1. 零冠词的基本用法:一般性的泛指,甚至表抽象意义。

2. 复数可数名词、不可数名词前不用冠词,表示泛指;

如:Horses are useful animals.

(思考: A horse is useful. / The horse is a useful animal)

3. 称呼语或表示头衔的名词前不用冠词;

l We made him president of USA.

l Who’s this, Mother?

4. 球类运动、棋类运动和“三餐”前不用冠词;

如:Have you had supper?

5. 表示季节、月份,星期或含day表节日的名词前不用冠词;

如:March, Christmas, Women’s Day … (但是:the Spring Festival ……)

6. 前面已经有人称代词、指示代词或不定代词作定语的名词前不用冠词;

如:his book; that cat; any people……

7. 在交通工具、学科名称的名词前不加冠词。如:

by car, by bus, by bike, by train, on foot ,Chinese, English literature

8. 某些习语,固定短语或固定结构中不用冠词。

l husband and wife, knife and fork, face to face, side by side ……

l to church, at home, at night, at school, go to school, in hospital, at table ……

l Child as he is, he knows a lot of English. (师出教育,专注安徽教师考编)

l At last, she turned doctor. (但是:She became a doctor.)

安徽数学高考知识点复数

九大状语从句总复习

状语从句在主从复合句中修饰主句中的动词、形容词或副词等,按意义可以分为时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、条件、方式、比较、让步等状语从句。

一.时间状语从句。

通常由从属连词when, whenever, as, while, before, after, as soon as, till, until, since, once (一旦), hardly……when…, no sooner…….than…;等引导。例如:

The cyclist started just as the lights changed to green.

Whenever we met with difficulties , they cam to help us.

He didn’t leave his office until he had finished the day’s work.

应注意的问题

1.在时间状语从句中,通常要用动词的一般现在时态表示一般将来时态,用一般过去时态表示过去将来时态。但when引导一般疑问句或名词性从句时不受上述语法规则的限制,因此,应该加以区分。例如:

When China will enter WTO depends on the bilateral (双边的)joint efforts.

Once you understand the rules of the game, you’ll enjoy it.

2.when , while, as的不同用法。一般说来,当主、从句的动作是同时发生的事,三者可以换用。when既可以引导一个持续动作,也可以引导一个短暂动作,可用于主句和从句动作同时发生或从句动作先于主句动作;while引导的动作必须是持续性的,强调主句和从句的动作同时发生,往往侧重主句和从句动作的对比;as用于引导“在某行为的继续中发生某事”的“继续之行为”,所以多与过去进行时连用,翻译成“一边……一边……”或者表示动作的变化,翻译成“随着……”。

例如:

I hope you’ll think of my words as/when/while you drive on the busy roads.

When he realized it, the chance had been lost.

When he came home, I was cooking dinner.

I was fat when I was a child.

He took a bath while I was preparing dinner.

As I was walking down the street, an American asked me for the directions to the nearest station.

He sang songs as he was taking a bath.

As he gets older he gets more optimistic.

另外还必须注意when和while的特殊用法。when可以表示“就在这时,突然”之意;而while则可以表示对比的含义,常可译作“而”。例如:

She thought I was talking about her daughter, ____, in fact, I was talking about my daughter.(NMET95)

A. whom B. where C. which D. while

答案:D.本句的意思是“她认为我在谈论她女儿,然而,实际上,我在谈论我女儿。”

再如:

I was about to go to bed when the phone rang a second time.

我正准备去睡觉,就在这时电话铃又响了。

3.since和before的用法区别。两者都可用于“It + be + since/ before-从句”的句型,区别在于since表示“自从……以来”,所在主、从句的谓语动词的时态关系是:It is/has been some time since sb did something.而before的含义则是“(过了多久)才……”,主、从句的时态关系是:It was/ had been some time before sb did sth。表示过去和将来时,两者相应的句型分别是:It was some time since sb had done something.和It will be some time before sb does something.例如:

It was / had been years before I came back from abroad.

It will be five years before we meet again.

4.一些表示时间的名词词组如:the first time, the second time, last time,the moment, the minute,the year, every time, each time , next time,或副词immediately, instantly, directly等也可以引导时间状语从句。例如:

I’ll tell you about it the moment you come.

I recognized her the minute I saw her.

I’m going to see him next time he comes to Shanghai.

He left Europe the year World War II broke out.

I got in touch with him immediately I received his letter.

My sister came directly( = as soon as ) she got my message.

5.till和until

till和until意义相同,多数情况下可以换用,但用以强调,句首多用until;在强调结构或与not连用时多用until.例如:

Nothing can be done till/until the boss returns.

We waited till/until they came back.

Until we know the facts, we can’t do anything about it.

Not until midnight did the noise of the street stop.

6.hardly……when和no sooner……than相当于as soon as之意,也可引导时间状语从句。从句谓语动词用一般过去时,主句谓语动词用过去完成时。hardly及no sooner置于句首时,语气较强,主句的谓语要部分倒装。例如:

We had hardly begun when we were told to stop.

= Hardly had we begun when we were told to stop.

The spy had no sooner returned home than he was told to go to another country.

= No sooner had the spy returned home than he was told to go to another country.

二.地点状语从句。

地点状语从句由where和wherever引导,在主句前、后都可。where表示特指,wherever则表示泛指。但不少学生易将其和定语从句混淆,再者有的同学对地点状语从句不太注意,所以往往做错。例如:

You should make it a rule to leave things ___ you can find them again. (NMET99)

A.when B.where C.then D.there

答案:B.注意它引导的不是定语从句。

After living in Paris for fifty years he returned to the small town ____ he grew up as a child.(NMET 96)

A.which B. where C. that D. when

答案:B.这是一个由where引导的定语从句,修饰先行词the small town.。再如:

Where there is a will, there’s a way.

九大状语从句总复习(2)

状语从句在主从复合句中修饰主句中的动词、形容词或副词等,按意义可以分为时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、条件、方式、比较、让步等状语从句。

三.原因状语从句。

1.原因状语从句多由because, since, as引导。because引导的从句一般放在句末,表示直接的原因,语气最强,回答why提出的问题,重点在从句;since引导的从句一般放在句首,表已知的原因,全句重在交代结果,比because语气弱,常译作“既然”;as引导的从句放在句首或句末,表示比较明显的原因,说明因果关系,语气较弱,重点在主句,译作“由于”。例如:

_____ you have seen both fighters,_____ will win ?(上海95)

A.Since; do you think who B.As; who you think

C.When; whoever D.Since; who do you think

答案:D. since表示“既然”,所传达的信息是显而易见的。再如:

As all the seats are full, he had to stand waiting.

---“Why aren’t you coming with us to the concert ?”

---“Because I have got a bad headache.”

此外,for也可表示原因,但它是并列连词,引出并列分句,表示间接原因,用来补充说明内容,或据此而作出某种推断。例如:

She must have wept, for there are tear trails on her cheeks.

2.now that也可引导原因状语从句,意思是“既然”,与since同义,但更突出事实本身。

四.目的状语从句。

通常由so that, in order that, so, in case“以防、以免”等连词引导。例如:

He took the medicine on time so that he might get well again.

The teacher must speak clearly so that his students can/may understand well.

She has bought the book in order that she can follow the TV lessons.

1.目的状语从句中的谓语常含有may/might, can/could, should , will/would等情态动词,通常主句在前,从句在后,主句与从句之间没有逗号。

2.in order that引导的目的状语从句和so that引导的状语从句可以换用,但in order that多用于正式文体中,而so可用于口语或非正式文体中。例如:

We’ll sit nearer the front so (that) we can hear better.

3. in case在非正式文体中,常引导目的状语从句,表示“以防、以免”等含义。例如:

He left early in case he should miss the train.

Take your raincoat in case it rains/ should rain.

五.结果状语从句。

通常由连词so that, so…that, such… that等引导。例如:

He had overslept, so that he was late for work.

He was so angry that he left the room without saying a word.

He made such an excellent speech that everyone admired him.

1.so…that和such…that引导的结果状语从句都表示主句的动作或状态达到一定的程度而引起的结果。

so是副词,用来修饰形容词、副词、分词或其它结构,such是形容词,用来修饰名词或名词短语。例如:

There were so many people in the room that we couldn’t get in.

So badly was he injured that he had to go to the hospital. (so短语位于句首时,主句须倒装)

The book is so written that it gives a quite wrong idea of facts.

He told us such a funny story that we all laughed.

such修饰单数可数名词且名词前有形容词时,可用so替换such,冠词与形容词交换位置,构成“so+ adj. +a(an) +名词”。上面的句子可以写成:

He told us so funny a story that we all laughed.

又如:This is such a beautiful chair that I’m thinking of buying it.

(= This is so beautiful a chair that I’m thinking of buying it.)

2.如何区别so that引导的目的状语从句和结果状语从句?

(1).根据上下文及句子所表达的意思判断。

(2).根据句子的结构来判断。从句之前有逗号的常是结果状语从句;从句前有情态动词的多半是目的状语从句。例如:

She hurried , so that she caught the bus.(结果)

She hurried so that she might catch the bus.(目的)

I went to the lecture early, so that I got a good seat.(结果)

I’m going to the lecture early so that I may get a good seat.(目的)

状语从句在主从复合句中修饰主句中的动词、形容词或副词等,按意义可以分为时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、条件、方式、比较、让步等状语从句。

六.让步状语从句。

1.由however, whatever, whenever, whoever等引导,相当于no matter how/what/when/who等。例如:

We’ll have to finish the job,_____. (NMET99)

A. long it takes however

B. it takes however long

C. long however it takes

D. however long it takes

答案:D. however是副词性引导词,必须直接位于所修饰的形容词long之前,并放在句首引导状语从句。

应该注意:however, whatever, whenever, wherever等还可以引导名词性从句,而no matter how, no matter what, no matter when, no matter where等只能引导状语从句。例如:

Whatever I said couldn’t cause his interest in the topic.

2.由though, although, as, even though/if等引导让步状语从句,不能与but连用,但可于yet连用。

(1).由as引导的让步状语从句,必须倒装表语形容词、名词(前面不用冠词)或者副词状语或者动词原形,though引导的让步状语从句可以倒装,也可以不倒装,而although引导的不能倒装。例如:

He didn’t light the fire though/although it was cold.

Although he is very old, (yet) he still jogs every day.

Rich as/though he is(=Although he is rich), I don’t envy him.

Difficult that task was, they managed to finish it in time.

Child as he is, he knows a lot.

Much as I love it, I’ll not buy it.

Try as they may, they won’t succeed.

(2).even if, even though表示“即使,纵然”,有退一步设想的意味,多用于书面语中。

例如:

I’ll do it, even if it takes me all the afternoon.

Even if he did say so, we can not be sure that he was telling the truth.

(3).whether(…or)引导让步状语从句,提供两个或两个以上供选择的条件。注意此时的whether不能换成if.例如:

Whether he drives or (whether he) takes the train, he’ll be there on time.

七.条件状语从句

条件状语从句用if, unless, as/so long as, on condition that, provided, providing, now that, in that等引导。除了应注意这些词的语义差别之外,还需注意,在条件状语从句中不能用将来时,只能用一般现在时表示一般将来时。例如:

If China becomes strong and powerful, we’ll never bully other countries.

As long as we don’t lose heart, we’ll turn our dreams into realities.

He won’t believe anything unless he sees it with his own eyes.

I will lend you the money on condition that you pay it back in one month.

有时if条件句中也用will,但此时用来表示主语的意愿。例如:

If you will come to work in our city, I’ll try my best to meet your demands.(如果你愿意来我市工作,我将尽力满足你的要求。)

八.方式状语从句

1.方式状语从句用as, just as, as if, as though引导。

2.关于方式状语从句值得注意两点:

(1)as表示行为方式;

(2)在打比方与事实相反或不可能实现时,as if /though引导的从句用虚拟语气。但当句子谓语为过去时态时,特别是当句子谓语为look, seem, taste, smell等感官动词时,从句谓语动词不用虚拟语气。例如:

I have changed the plan as you suggested.

When at Rome do as the Romans do.(入乡随俗)

I have loved you as if you were my own son.

It looks as if it is going to rain.

九.比较状语从句

比较状语从句常由than, as…as , not so/as…as, the more…, the more …等引导。例如:

He didn’t do as much as he had promised.

I know you as well as any member of your family.

Now we can produce much more steel than Japan.

The longer you stay with him, the better you will know him.

状语从句的复习重点及中考热点透视:

状语从句不仅是初中英语学习的重点,而且也是每年中考必考的内容之一。从九大状语从句来看,同学们应将复习重点放在时间状语从句、条件状语从句、结果状语从句和比较状语从句这四种上。

一、对时间状语从句的考查

1.要点:

1)引导时间状语从句的连词有:while,when,as,as soon as,until,not...until,before,after,since,etc.要掌握每个连词的含义及其用法,还有它们之间的一些区别。

2)when,while,as的区别:

①三者均可表示“当……的时候”,如果主句表示的是短暂的动作,而从句表示的是一段时间,三者可通用。如:

I met Kang Li as/when/while I was walking along the street.当我沿街散步时碰见了康丽。

②as和when都可与终止性动词连用,while只能与延续性动词连用。如:

It was snowing when we got to the airport.当我们到达机场时,天正下着雪。(不能用while)

③as强调主句与从句表示的动作同时发生;while强调主句表示的动作持续于while所指的整个时间内;when可指主、从句所述动作同时或先后发生。如:

He sang as he went along.他边走边唱。

Please write while I read.我读的时候,请写下来。

When he reached home,he had a little rest.回到家后,他休息了一会儿。

3)until和till在肯定句中表示“直到……为止”,主句要用延续性动词;在否定句中,表示“直到……才”,主句常用终止性动词,这时till和until可用before替换。如:

I waited till/until he arrived.我一直等到他到来。

We won't start until/till/before Bob comes.鲍勃到来之前,我们不会动身。

4)since从句中常用过去时,主句用一般现在时或现在完成时;如果主句是一般将来时,情态动词加动词原形或祈使句时,时间状语从句用一般现在时。如:

Where have you been since I saw you last?上次我和你见面之后,你到哪里去了?

I'll phone you as soon as I arrive in Tonghua.我一到通化就给你打电话。

2.考例:(所有考例取自2001、2002年全国各省市中考英语试题)

1)我一到美国就给你打电话。(北京市海淀区)

I'll ring you up ______soon ______ I get to America.

2)昨天直到雨停了,孩子们才离开学校。(同上)

The children ______ leave school ______ the rain stopped yesterday.

3)It ______ ten years since they ______ to France.(河北)

A.as;covered

B.was;have moved

C.is;have moved

D.is;moved

4)He ______ wait until the rain ______.(南京市)

A.won't;will stop

B.won't;stop

C.will;stops

D.will;will stop

二、对条件状语从句的考查

1.要点:引导条件状语从句的连词有if(如果)、unless(除非)等,unless在意义上相当于if...not。条件状语从句也像时间状语从句一样,如果主句用将来时,从句要用现在时代替将来时。如:

You will fail unless you study hard.(=You will fail if you don't study hard.)除非你努力学习,否则你会失败。

2.考例:

1)He will go to the Great Wall if it ______ tomorrow.(北京市宣武区)

A.won't rain

B.doesn't rain

C.don't rain

D.isn't raining

2)______you eat old food,you may be ill.(湖南)

A.Before B.Why C.If D.Which

三、对比较状语从句的考查

1.要点:引导比较状语从句的连词有as...as,than。

1)表示甲与乙在某一方面相同时,用“as+原级+as”句型;表示甲在某一方面不如乙时,用“not as/so+原级+as”句型。如:

Dalian is as beautiful as Shenzhen.大连和深圳一样的美。

I don't run as/so fast as Kang Li.我不如康丽跑得快。

2)表示甲超过或不及乙时,用“比较级+从句”(从句中常省略意义与主句相同的部分)。如:

He runs faster than you(do).他跑得比你快。

Today is less cold than yesterday.今天没有昨天冷。

2.考例:

1)Jack runs as ______ as Tom.(北京市宣武区)

A.fast

B.faster

C.fastest

D.much faster

2)30,000dollars is a large amount of money,but it's ______ than we need.(上海市)

A.for more

B.very much

C.far less

D.very little

四、对结果状语从句的考查

1.要点:引导结果状语从句的连词有so…that(如此……以致于),such…that(如此……以致于)等。常用句型:

so+形容词/副词+that从句

such a/an+形容词+单数可数名词+that从句

such+形容词+复数可数名词/不可数名词+that从句

so+形容词+a/an+单数可数名词+that从句

He spoke so fast that I couldn't follow him.他讲得太快,我跟不上。

He told us such funny stories that we all laughed.

他给我们讲了那么多有趣的故事,我们全都哈哈大笑。

2.考例:

1)这山太高,我们很难到达山顶。(四川)

This mountain is ______ ______ that we can ______ ______ the top.

2)Miss Gao asked a question,but it was ______that nobody could answer it.

A.very difficult

B.too difficult

C.difficult enough

D.so difficult

五、对其它状语从句的考查

还有五种状语从句:地点状语从句、原因状语从句、目的状语从句、方式状语从句、让步状语从句。

1.要点:

1)掌握常用的引导词:

①引导地点状语从句的有:where(在哪里),wherever(无论何地),etc.如:

Where there is a will,there is a way.有志者,事竞成。

Wherever you go,I go too.无论你去哪里,我都去。

②引导原因状语从句的有because,as,since(因为),etc。because常回答why引导的疑问句,该从句一般位于主句后;since比as正式,两者不回答why引导的问句,而且其从句一般放在句首。如:

—Why can't I go?为什么我不能去?

—Because you're too young.因为你年纪太小了。

As(Since)you are not feeling well,you'd better stay at home.既然你不太舒服,还是留在家里的好。

③引导目的状语从句的有so that(以便)等。如:

I packed him a little food so that he wouldn't be hungry.

我给他包了一点食物,让他不致挨饿。

④引导方式状语从句的有as(按照)等。如:

I will do it as you tell me.我将照你说的做。

⑤引导让步状语从句的有though/although(虽然),even though(尽管),whoever/no matter who(无论谁),however/no matter how(无论怎样),whatever/no matter what(无论什么)等。如:

Though it's hard work,I enjoy it.尽管这工作很辛苦,我还是很喜欢。

No matter how hard the work was,he never gave it up.不管工作多么艰难,他都从不放弃。

2)because不能与并列连词so,though/although不能与but同时在句中使用。如:

She was late for schoolbecauseshe missed the bus.

She missed the bus,soshe was late for school.

It's not cheap,butit's very good.

Though it's not cheap,it's very good.

2.考例:

1)I can't understand this passage _____there are no new words in it.(安徽)

A.if

B.because

C.though

D.and

2)“Why did Li Lei use a pencil?”“ _____his pen was broken.”(福州市)

A.Because

B.When

C.Until

D.If

六、对状语从句和宾语从句、简单句、并列句的混合考查

【考点1】区分when,if引导宾语从句和状语从句的不同:when引导时间状语从句意为“当……时候”,引导宾语从句意为“什么时候”;if引导条件状语从句意为“如果”,引导宾语从句意为“是否”。如:

1.—Mike wants to know if _____ a picnic tomorrow.

—Yes.But if it _____,we'll visit the museum instead.(河北)

A.you have;will rain

B.you will have;will rain

C.you will have;rains

D.will you have;rains

2.—Do you know when he _____ back tomorrow?

—Sorry,I don't.When he _____ back,I'll tell you.(安徽)

A.comes;comes

B.comes;will come

C.will come;comes

D.will come;will come

【考点2】状语从句和宾语从句、状语从句和简单句、并列句的同义转换。如:

1.A:He is too young to go to school.

B:He is _____young _____ he can't go to school.(四川)

2.A:Tom is the tallest in his class.

B:Tom is _____ _____ any other student in his class.(四川)

3.A:The box is so light _____ that the boy can carry it.

B:The box is light for the boy to carry.(南京)

4.A:Put on your coat,or you'll catch a cold.

B:_____you _____ put on your coat,you'll catch a cold.(上海)

Key:

状语从句的复习重点及中考热点透视

一、2.1)as;as 2)didn't;until/till/before 3)D 4)C

二、2.1)B2)C

三、2.1)A2)C

四、2.1)so high;not reach 2)D

五、2.1)C 2)A

六、【考点1】1.C 2.C【考点2】1.so;that 2.taller than 3.enough 4.If;don't

安徽数学高考知识点复数

2023年高考数学将与新高考接轨,从近3年高考全国卷来看,都充分贯彻了高考改革要求,在考查考生基础知识、基本技能的同时,提高了对基本思想、基本活动经验的要求,试卷加大开放题的创新力度,突出数学思维,集中反映高考数学学科特点,充分发挥了选拔功能。在备考时,需注意以下几个方面:

一、立足基础知识,查缺补漏

分析近3年高考全国数学卷以及2月23日教育部组织的云南、安徽、黑龙江、吉林第一次四省联考数学试卷,虽然得分率较往年省统测明显降低,但是试题基础知识点占比仍然较大,始终都是围绕考纲,紧扣教材。在复习备考时,应做到围绕课程标准,以教材为主,掌握相关的概念、公式、定理、性质、法则等。如,四省联考多选题第9题,考单调性和奇偶性的概念;第10题,考点线面的位置关系;得分率较低的第19题,考数列前n项和与通项的关系;第2题,重点考查错位相减法求和。

在复习过程中应着重对不常考的知识点进行梳理,如:立体几何中圆台侧面积公式、台体体积公式、线面平行和面面平行的性质定理(如画出两个平面交线或求平面截几何体所得截面面积题型)。2020年高考Ι卷第20题(1)证明两个平面的交线垂直于另一个平面;利用3个基本事实及其推论证明三点共线、三线共点、四点共面;空间中的长度问题在不能建系的情况下要能善于利用基向量法等。概率统计专题与大学接轨性更强,条件概率、乘法公式、全概率是新教材添加的内容,属于高频考点,非线性回归方程也作为重点考查。很多考生了解残差平方和判断拟合效果,但是容易忽视残差的概念——观测值与预测值的差,概念不清晰,在小题中出现就容易丢分;二项分布和超几何分布概念的区分,近几年对概率最大值考查增多,如四省联考第20题即求超几何分布概率最大值等。

在备考中,考生要紧扣教材,重视课本例题、练习、习题、复习参考题。如2020年高考Ι卷第14题,考查两个等差数列公共项构成的新数列的前n项和,在教材选择性必修第二册25页习题第8题,已知两个等差数列2,6,10,…,190及2,8,14,…,200,将这两个等差数列的公共项按从小到大的顺序组成一个新数列,求这个新数列的各项之和。2023届第一次四省联考卷第11题考查的是追及问题,实质是必修一教材第232页模型的衍生。第一轮复习已接近尾声,考生们应在第二轮复习时再次查缺补漏,做到教材知识全面覆盖。

二、注重考试技巧,对点得分

在一定程度上,可以说试卷是考生12年学习情况的全部体现,所以更应该注重考试技巧,努力得分。

高考数学小题历来都是“兵家必争之地”,都说“得小题者得高考”。小题涵盖知识面广,既有基础性,又有综合性,解题方法灵活多变,分值占比高。复习备考时,应注重总结小题解题方法与技巧,选择题常用方法有直接法、数形结合法、验证法、排除法、特殊值法等。选择题前5个题通常用直接法,直接从题目出发,运用有关概念、性质、定理、法则及公式等知识,通过严密的推理和准确的运算,得出正确的结论;借助几何图的直观性迅速作出正确判断是高考考查的重点之一,在运用数形结合法解题时一定要对有关图形比较熟悉,否则错误的图形反而会导致错误的选择,如:2020年高考Ι卷第7题、2021年高考Ι卷第11题。对于使用直接法比较麻烦,或运算量较大的选择题,凡是选项的整体或某个特殊值可带入题干中验证的,均建议优先使用验证法,通过选择特殊值或把选项带入验证,既快又准。由题干中的部分条件可排除部分选项,选项中存在两个相反的或互不相容的判定,那么其中至少有一个是错误的,对于答案唯一的题,如果选项中出现等效命题,那么等效命题应该同时被排除,如:考查复数虚部时,审完题应优先排除含有i的选项再进行计算,有的考生会首先计算,计算出的结果会导致自己忘记题目条件,选出错误选项。当题目答案唯一或者由题设条件能得到答案是定值时,可将题目中的参变量用特殊值代替解题,如:四省联考第8题,将b赋值为2和3可以快速得到正确答案。

高考数学解答题是整张试卷的重中之重,6道题都是综合题,运算量较大,对分析推理能力要求高,所占分值也很高,考查考生综合运用知识解决问题的能力。第二轮备考复习,主要以6大专题为主,除掌握专题知识外,还需加强考试得分技巧的训练。首先,注重解答题过程的规范性,解题过程清晰精练,在平常训练中需分析考点、得分点、扣分点等。其次,注重细节,比如解三角形中角的范围,运用重要不等式或基本不等式时等号成立的条件等。最后,一定要求自己每个解答题的答题卡不留白,如:数列题型若题目条件没给首项先求首项,善于利用第(1)小题的结论解决第(2)小题;讨论导数单调性时至少写出分类讨论思想;圆锥曲线第(2)小题得分技巧等。

三、克服畏新心理,适应高考

高考试题创新性、开放性越来越强,备考时应克服畏新心理,积极面对。如:创设新情境题型增加试题感知难度,第一次四省联考卷中第12题,看似比较复杂,但认真审题发现,就是考查初中所学的锐角三角函数的定义;第15题关键在审题,考查的是阅读能力及较简单四则运算能力;2022年高考Ι卷第4题以南水北调为背景,实则考查棱台的体积公式;2020年高考Ι卷第4题以日晷为背景,考查数学抽象能力,将立体问题转化为平面问题研究。除此之外,新高考创新性比较强,所以对于常见知识点的新考法,也需要关注,比如:三角函数的性质,常见考法是在小题中,但四省联考出现在第18题,得分率较低,实际考查的就是三角函数的单调性、周期性、对称性、最值问题,属于基础知识;2022年高考Ι卷第19题立体几何(1),考查点到面的距离;2022年高考Ⅱ卷第17题考查数列与集合结合,2021年高考Ι卷第17题考查数列分奇偶,都是数列新考法,但其实就是考查等差数列、等比数列基本性质。

往期回顾

►2023名师助考⑪丨高考生物复习备考建议

►2023名师助考⑩丨基于提升关键能力的备考建议

►2023名师助考⑨丨破解高考历史选择题常见思维“陷阱”

►2023名师助考⑧丨高考生物图表类题型复习参考

►2023名师助考⑦丨高三数学后期复习备考的几点建议

►2023名师助考⑥丨从诊断性检测第6题说开去

►2023名师助考⑤丨新高考阅读理解应对策略

►2023名师助考④丨新高考英语读后续写探究

►2023名师助考③丨如何破解思想政治高考主观题

►2023名师助考②丨高考英语二轮复习备考建议

►2023名师助考①丨高考历史主观题备考“三步走”

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